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The Vallum, a New Fort Annexe and a Triple-ditched Enclosure at Halton Chesters, Investigated by Multi-Method Geophysics [dataset] Open Access

Landscape-scale magnetic gradiometry has revealed the only definitive fort annexe on Hadrian’s Wall at Halton Chesters fort. Stratigraphy inferred from early 20th century excavations and the new magnetic gradiometry suggests that this annexe may have respected the Vallum ditch, questioning the hypothesis of the Vallum's function as a military exclusion zone behind the Wall. The survey also revealed a previously unknown triple-ditched enclosure which may pre-date Hadrian’s Wall, perhaps a fortlet. The possible fortlet’s landscape position is interpreted in the context of patterns of movement and control before the construction of Hadrian’s Wall. Alongside stratigraphic geophysical surveys (resistivity profiles and GPR), these results underscore the transformative potential of multi-method geophysical prospection along Hadrian’s Wall.

Descriptions

Resource type

Dataset

Contributors

Creator: Bithell, Sam ¹
Contact person: Bithell, Sam ¹
Data collector: Bithell, Sam ¹
Data curator: Bithell, Sam ¹
Editor: Bithell, Sam ¹
Contact person: Nielsen, Stefan ²
Contact person: Hingley, Richard ³

¹ Durham University, UK
² Durham University Earth Sciences, United Kingdom
³ Durham University Archaeology, United Kingdom

Funder

Natural Environment Research Council

Research methods

Magnetic Gradiometry, Ground Penetrating Radar and Electrical Resistivity Tomography

Other description

Keyword

Magnetometry
Vallum
Hadrian's Wall
Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Ground Penetrating Radar

Subject

England--Hadrian's Wall
Tomography
Magnetometry in archaeology
Ground penetrating radar

Location

Halton Chesters, Northumberland, England, United Kingdom

Language

English

Cited in

Identifier

ark:/32150/r1vt150j350
doi:10.15128/r1vt150j350

Rights

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA)

Publisher

Durham University

Date Created

2026-07-28

File Details

Depositor

S.T. Bithell

Date Uploaded

28 July 2026, 15:07:09

Date Modified

29 July 2026, 11:07:32

Audit Status

Audits have not yet been run on this file.

Characterization

File format: zip (ZIP Format)

Mime type: application/zip

File size: 142563432

Last modified: 2026:07:28 16:11:11+01:00

Filename: Haltonchesters2023_VallumSurveys.zip

Original checksum: f9b58d108708eb27bf5830b02becb18a