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Could High H98-Factor Commercial Tokamak Power Plants Use Nb–Ti Toroidal Field Coils? [dataset] Open Access

In large engineering applications, materials that can fail by brittle fracture are avoided if there are practical, ductile alterna-tives. In recent years, advances in the experimental control and shaping of fusion energy plasmas have produced confinement times that are longer than the accepted IPB98(y,2) values (i.e. higher H98-factors). Detailed understanding of these enhancements in H98-factor is not available, but values as large as 1.5 - 1.8 may be possible [1, 2]. If such high values are reliably realized, they will enable such a large reduction in the magnetic field required from the toroidal field (TF) coils that ductile Nb-Ti be-comes a possible superconducting materials choice for TF fusion energy magnets. In this paper we investigate what values of enhanced H98-factor are required to enable the commercial use of Nb-Ti TF coils in tokamaks. We have investigated the use of Nb-Ti TF coils in an ITER-like geometry, for a 500 MW net electricity producing tokamak using the PROCESS systems code [3, 4]. If we use present day Nb-Ti conductors, the minimum H98-factor required for practical power plants is 1.5. For Nb-Ti cable with a critical current density in-creased by a factor of five, the minimum falls to H98 ≈ 1.4. With this improvement for an H98 = 1.5, aspect ratio 3.1 (i.e. ITER-like geometry) tokamak, we find the cost of base-load electricity is ~ 42 % greater than if Nb3Sn is used and about 1.4 times that of a typical fission power strike price (scaled up to 2.5 GWe net electricity). | [1] B. N. Sorbom et al., "ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets," Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 100, pp. 378-405, 2015. [2] A. C. C. Sips, "Advanced scenarios for ITER operation," Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol. 47, no. 5A, p. A19, 2005. [3] M. Kovari, R. Kemp, H. Lux, P. Knight, J. Morris, and D. J. Ward, "“PROCESS”: A systems code for fusion power plants—Part 1: Physics," Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 89, no. 12, pp. 3054-3069, 2014. [4] M. Kovari et al., "“PROCESS”: A systems code for fusion power plants – Part 2: Engineering," Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 104, pp. 9-20, 2016.

Descriptions

Resource type

Dataset

Contributors

Creator: Chislett-McDonald, S. B. L. ¹
Editor: Surrey, E. ²
Editor: Hampshire, D. P. ¹

¹ Superconductivity Group, Centre for Materials Physics, Department of Physics, Durham University, DH1 3LE, UK
² Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3EB, UK

Funder

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Research methods

Other description

Keyword

Multifilamentary superconductors
Fusion reactor design
Toroidal magnetic fields
Type II superconductors

Subject

Superconductors
Fusion reactors--Design
Toroidal magnetic circuits

Location

Language

English

Cited in

Identifier

ark:/32150/r1fj2362110
doi:10.15128/r1fj2362110

Rights

All rights reserved All rights reserved

Publisher

Durham University

Date Created

14/03/2019

File Details

Depositor

S.B.L. Chislett Mcdonald

Date Uploaded

20 March 2018, 12:03:42

Date Modified

25 March 2019, 16:03:40

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File format: zip (ZIP Format)

Mime type: application/zip

File size: 11643

Last modified: 2019:03:14 11:51:08+00:00

Filename: Figures_CSV.zip

Original checksum: 572592401592419ded99e266a77c74f2