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Critical current density in high-field superconductors described using wave-particle duality [dataset] Open Access

We report extensive measurements of the critical current density Jc as a function of magnetic field B, field angle θ, temperature T, and applied strain ε_{app} for a (RE)BCO coated conductor with artificial pinning centres (APCs), together with the effective upper critical field B_{c2}^{*ρ}(θ,T,ε_{app}) measured resistively down to ∼60 K. We show that the Jc data are not properly described using the standard scaling analysis for the volumetric pinning force using Fp ∝ F_{p,max}(b^p)(1− b)^q because it leads to non-physical values (∼1000 T) of the B_{c2}^{*ρ} at low temperatures. Here the Jc data are parameterised using an in-field superconducting-normal-superconducting Josephson-junction (J-J) model which includes the wave-particle nature of the superelectrons. The J-J model describes the power law behaviour of Jc at intermediate fields with free-parameter values describing very thin barriers—consistent with the APC (RE)BCO’s strongly textured microstructure and insulating inclusions and pins. We also show fits to Jc data for a (RE)BCO tape without APCs, and an ITER bronze route Nb_3Sn strand. For Nb_3Sn, the model describes the well-known Kramer-like high-field dependence of Jc, with free-parameter values that are consistent with the microstructure of optimised polycrystalline Nb_3Sn with ∼2 nm thick barriers that are ∼450 nm wide, strong triple-point pinning and distorted fluxons shuffling along the grain boundaries. Although more complex, the J-J analysis offers a better approach for optimising Jc than the standard scaling analysis, because it provides physically reasonable best-fit parameters including B_{c2}^{*ρ} at low temperatures, and captures more accurately the complexity of flux pinning, flux flow along channels, fluxon–fluxon interactions and superelectron quantum-tunnelling, as well as the normal-state properties and geometry of the important microstructural components.

Descriptions

Resource type

Dataset

Contributors

Creator: Greenwood, Jack ¹
Editor: Greenwood, Jack ¹
Editor: Hampshire, Damian ²

¹ EPFL, Switzerland
² Durham University, UK

Funder

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Research methods

Other description

Keyword

Superconductivity
Critical current
Flux pinning
Scaling laws
Josephson junction
Grain boundaries

Subject

Critical currents
Superconductivity
Flux pinning
Scaling laws (Nuclear physics)
Josephson junctions
Grain boundaries

Location

Language

Cited in

doi:10.1088/1361-6668/ae5f4d

Identifier

ark:/32150/r13x816m68g
doi:10.15128/r13x816m68g

Rights

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY)

Publisher

Durham University

Date Created

File Details

Depositor

M.J. Raine

Date Uploaded

22 April 2026, 13:04:54

Date Modified

27 April 2026, 11:04:22

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File format: zip (ZIP Format)

Mime type: application/zip

File size: 2313638

Last modified: 2026:04:24 15:33:15+01:00

Filename: Greenwood_Jc_Wave_Particle_DOI.zip

Original checksum: 04648ac39a14b96ae94acc5ad2420f01